The purpose of building strengthening and seismic upgrading is to improve the performance of structural components. . Strengthening the building means increasing the resistance of the structure against incoming forces. This term is mostly used for the strength of an earthquake.
For optimization, the purpose of making the improvement should be determined according to the building conditions, and then start improving the building according to the performance. Which has different methods for this, which should be performed based on the basic terms and conditions of seismic optimization. There are different ways to strengthen and improve the structure and building, and their type must be determined based on the condition of the building.
What is seismic upgrading?
Seismic optimization means improving the seismic condition of existing structures. It is correcting the weak points in the structure and returning it to the original state of the structure as well as improving the quality. Improvement is done when there is a flaw or defect in a building that can be easily repaired and increases the resistance of the structure against an earthquake.
When a building is damaged or damaged, it must be repaired, but seismic improvement should be carried out when there is a possibility of large or small damage to the building due to the earthquake. This work must be done by people with experience and expertise in this field. An important goal of making improvements is to save human lives in those buildings and structures.
Purpose of seismic improvement and strengthening
Reinforcement has many goals, and one of the most important goals of strengthening is earthquake strengthening:
Provide resistance against light earthquakes without any damages
Providing resistance against severe earthquakes that occurred in the place
Provide resistance against moderate earthquakes without any structural damage but there is a possibility of some non-structural damage.
Achieve the skeleton before improving the building
Determine the purpose of performing the seismic improvement of the building
Investigate the economic constraints affecting the choice of building improvement method
Studies and calculations to determine whether the building needs seismic improvements or not.
Strengthening the building against earthquakes
Strengthening the building is to increase the building’s resistance to incoming forces. Today, more reinforcement is used for earthquake lateral load.
If the building or structure does not have enough security against earthquakes, it will cause a lot of damage and may endanger the lives of the residents in that place, so strengthening the building is very important. Reinforcement must be done at low cost and at high speed in order to avoid financial and life damage after the earthquake. Reinforcement is used for most structures, such as:
Strengthening steel buildings
Strengthening bridges and dams
Strengthening concrete structures
For all types of buildings.
Seismic optimization methods
Increasing the building resistance with seismic improvement
There are different methods of seismic improvement, and the choice of methods depends on the opinion of the engineer, and we will briefly explain some of the different methods of improving buildings.
Add shear wall
Shear wall increases the strength and workability of the structure, and also greatly reduces the building’s seismic improvement, style change and damage to this structure.
Add wind supports
Wind bracing is one of the most important aspects of steel structure design, which is used for lateral strength in increasing the resistance of the building, and also makes the structure stronger and more stable against horizontal forces caused by earthquakes.
Using a damper or dampers
Dampers are one of the energy attraction forces that are made based on increasing the building coefficient, and they control the force applied to the structure a lot, but they have a higher price than other methods, but for areas and buildings that are exposed to earthquakes for a long time, it is very practical. Some features of these dampers
Reduce chassis drift
Minimize damage
Reducing the weight of the building due to the use of lighting elements
Reduce chassis displacement
Reducing acceleration resulting from external forces of the structure
Use of metal and concrete jackets
The use of concrete jackets in structures such as beam columns and shear walls is very practical, and the purpose of using these jackets is to reduce the deformation of passive members. It has a series of important features
Possibility of connections in tires
Possibility of correcting the gravity load on columns
Ease of creating connections between members
The strength of the reinforced element and the absence of the need for fire-resistant coating on it
Reinforcement with FRP
Reinforcement using FRP requires a short time and the reinforced areas can be used in a short period of time. They have a lot of resistance to corrosion, which causes the need for periodic disposal and repairs.
conclusion
Seismic improvements and strengthening must be done well and taken seriously because it may cause a lot of damage such as life damage and financial damage due to the earthquake, so buildings must be inspected regularly and to verify and strengthen, and to verify and strengthen it is better to go to experienced people so that they can perform strengthening. ideal.