today , The environmental impact of buildings is clear and unavoidable. Some organizations consider and monitor the strengthening process for concrete, steel and other types of buildings as well as adaptation to the environment. Compared to focusing on green design or construction only, Reinforcing buildings can have a much greater environmental impact.
من وجهة نظر جيل اليوم ، Beauty is something that cannot be dispensed with and is important in choosing the type of housing. But what has the first and last say in the final selection of the building is ensuring its quality and strength, As well as its durability and longevity.
Due to global environmental changes and global warming, The increase in carbon dioxide emissions has had many negative impacts on the environment. The development of carbon-neutral buildings, Promote energy saving and carbon reduction, The concept of green environmental protection is an important issue for humanity, following up on the strengthening of concrete and steel buildings. And achieve sustainable development.
In some parts of the world, The combination of high humidity, salt in the environment, corrosion caused by chloride ions, and earthquakes often leads to the formation of cracks in buildings.
These cracks can cause oxidation and corrosion of the steel reinforcement and even damage the concrete structure or weld. Common structural damages can be repaired using epoxy resin.
However , These methods are unable to remove rusty components from rebar inside structures and expose the internal rebar to continuous oxidation in the original rust-covered environment. This is only one of the reducing and stopping factors in the strengthening process of concrete and steel buildings.
Factors affecting the acceleration of the destruction of buildings
Reinforced concrete structures can fail more or less from the time of construction due to exposure to the environment (e.g. temperature, humidity, cyclic loads). The rate of deterioration of a structure depends on design, material selection, construction quality, and environmental exposure.
The useful life of a piece occurs when it is no longer able to meet its functional needs, This is the moment when you feel the need to strengthen concrete and steel buildings.
Things that can cause premature failure of reinforced concrete structures under adverse conditions are factors affecting the concrete or steel reinforcing materials.
Destruction of concrete can occur due to unfavorable performance of the cement paste matrix or its granular materials due to chemical or physical attack. In practice, These processes may occur simultaneously to reinforce each other.
In almost all physical and chemical processes affecting the durability of concrete structures, The dominant factor in the destruction mechanism is the presence of pores, cracks and water. Which can be threatening and destructive factors in methods of strengthening concrete columns and steel buildings.
Chemical attack may occur in different forms: Sulfates, acids or bases; Delay in ettringite formation. and alkaline reactions. Physical attack involves destruction of concrete by external influences and generally includes cracking due to excessive tensile strength of concrete or loss of surface material.
Mechanisms of physical attack on concrete include salt crystallization, freezing and thawing, exposure to heat/thermal cycling, and corrosion/abrasion/cavitation, and radiation, corrosion or vibration, biological attack, And sedimentation.
Deterioration of mild steel hardener can occur as a result of corrosion, radiation, high temperature, or fatigue effects. With corrosion being the most likely form of attack. Post-tensioning systems are susceptible to the same degradation mechanisms as mild steel reinforcement as well as loss of prestressing strength due to tendon loosening and concrete creep and shrinkage.
Investigating the proposed solution to prevent decay and accelerate the process of strengthening concrete and steel buildings
Components located deep within the structures may swell due to continuous oxidation of the reinforcement, Which causes the concrete to crack and crack, Which makes previous reform efforts ineffective.
One method is to use low-viscosity epoxy resin in the slab base and allow it to fully penetrate into the concrete gaps and the surface of the rebar, It is a modification and reconstruction method that has worked well in the process of strengthening concrete and steel buildings.
In addition to the case of layer and tape repair, Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) parts are accepted among experts as repair materials and are installed on beams and slab (roof). Diagonal steel is used at the edges and chemical anchors are used to attach the beams to the slab. This method is one of the main steps in retrofitting concrete buildings and steel buildings.
also , The gaps between the angle steel and the slab are filled with epoxy resin, On the short side of the slab, Small H-shaped steel beams are installed from a distance of one meter as a means of reinforcement.
Since epoxy resin expands by 8% after chemical reactions, They bond perfectly with concrete, CFRP parts and steel materials and will help strengthen all types of steel and concrete buildings.
Corrosion caused by carbonation and corrosion caused by chlorides are two types of damage to concrete structures. The method suggested above, Which is one of the latest methods for strengthening steel and concrete buildings, has increased in recent years, It reduces construction costs, It will greatly increase the useful life of structures.
in the end , It is recommended to choose the best solution for strengthening, Be sure to listen to the advice of experts and consult with them.