Strengthening the steel structure will make buildings made of steel and metal columns safe from many dangers. Also, considering that Iran is an earthquake-prone country, strengthening the metal structures of buildings is considered very important.
In the strengthening of metal buildings, the components of these buildings become resistant. The most important part of the building is its columns. Although strengthening metal building columns may seem like a simple task and it may be possible to increase their resistance by adding additional metal sheets or profiles to the body of the columns, strengthening in some parts is a complex task and requires partial investigations.
For example, strengthening the column in the area of connection with beams or wind supports is not an easy task. To do this, special rules must be designed and implemented. Also, if the columns are buried in the wall and there are problems with connecting the column to the floor of the structure or foundation, then strengthening metal structures will be more complicated.
Application of metal frame buildings
The most important application of metal buildings is the construction of residential complexes, villas, offices, etc. It can be said that most urban buildings use metal frames due to the high cost of land and limited land in these areas. This is why it is important to strengthen metal structures because they are linked to human life. But in order to better understand the importance of strengthening metal frames, you must first learn about the components of metal buildings.
Metal building components
In general, metal buildings consist of four components, which are as follows:
Columns
Bridge or main girders
Small beams or beams
Connection features such as corners, bars, etc
Below you will learn about the methods of maintaining metal buildings.
Methods of protecting and maintaining metal buildings
Generally, it uses two methods of corrosion and column addition to protect and maintain metal buildings. Below, we explain these two methods further.
Corrosion protection of metal buildings
Corrosion technology, which has reached great progress today, is one of the branches of building engineering science, which investigates various solutions in search of suitable ways to prevent corrosion of metal buildings. One of the reasons it is important to find corrosion in metal buildings is because different metals are used in different ways, which usually determines the life and durability of the building.
Specialists in this matter can give various recommendations, and paying attention to their recommendations, especially during the design of the building, can significantly reduce the costs of reconstruction and repairs. In general, it divides the various metal components used in buildings into the following four categories according to their potential for corrosion.
- Cladding components such as metals used in roofs, sunshades and awnings
- Components used in the skeleton of a building such as structural steel or with building materials
- Components used in construction facilities such as metal pipes, hot water tank, ducts, etc.
- The components that he buries in the soil.
Add a column
The second method was to protect metal buildings by adding columns. Columns are usually installed by welders based on a pre-prepared classification plan. The method of drawing this map is as follows.
The columns must first be cut based on the specified height and placed on the profiles. The profiles are placed perpendicular to each other so that the profile of the column to be welded is away from the ground. This helps to weld both sides of the column easily.
Next, it is the turn of the panels to be welded. The type of panels must also be specified. In general, in the basements of multi-storey buildings, universal panels are used. By welding, they are welded to desired sizes and heights and at specified intervals in the map.
Typically, larger panels are used at roof joints, and if wind trusses are to be placed in these places, larger panels than usual roof panels should be used. All of these items must be selected in the column type view of the map.
After preparing the columns on the base or base of the panels, they weld the connecting corners together in one direction. The location of the columns is then determined, and the columns are then placed on the base boards by crane and leaned against the corner.
The angle helps the columns not to move and welding can be done easily from all four sides of the columns. Finally, the columns are measured with a plumb or builders’ level and it is the turn of the beams to connect them to the columns.
How to connect the column
To understand how columns are connected, you need to know the different parts of the column. The column consists of 5 main parts as follows:
The main parts of the column
Fasten the straps
Reinforcement panels
Welding
Connect the column to the plate at the bottom of the column
Bridges or main girders
The bridge is also used to connect metal columns. Bridges are vital building components that transfer the roof load to the columns. The method of connecting the bridge to the column is done in three ways.
Case 1: The bridge passes the column
Case 2: The bridge passes through the middle of the column
Case 3: The bridge ends at the end of the column
last word
Since metal frames are used in the construction of residential and commercial buildings, they must be well strengthened. Strengthening the metal structures of these buildings actually ensures the life and health of the people who live or travel in these buildings. For this reason, strengthening metal structures is of great importance and different methods are used for this task.
In this article, we discussed the same methods and tried to explain in general terms how to strengthen the metal structures of metal buildings. Based on this, it offers two methods of corrosion and adding columns, both of which can increase the life of the metal building.